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Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On displacing the Ḥāmdāb, Jamīlāb, Qarʿīb and the nomadic tribes of Arkawīt to cut them off from the enemy. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 390 14/09/1312
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from Ḥasan Muḥammad al-Kindī to ʿUthmān Diqna

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Al-Kindī writes to ʿUthmān Diqna that he has sent a petition to the Khalīfa about him wanting to leave the banner of Abī Qarja. The Khalīfa gave him the authorisation to transfer to another banner. Muḥammad al-Kindī wanted to join the banner of ʿUthmān Diqna, and informed the Khalīfa of this. He presented the order of the Khalīfa to Aḥmad Muḥammad Khayr, the deputy of Abū Qarja, who insisted that this order only allowed Ḥasan al-Kindī’s transfer. He asks that ʿUthmān Diqna supports his request to the Khalīfa that the order be clarified and that the list of the people with him may be included. ʿUthmān Diqna informs the Khalīfa that the petition from Ḥasan Muḥammad al-Kindī mentions that Aḥmad Muḥammad Khayr, the deputy of the banner of Abū Qarja, did not obey the order of the Khalīfa regarding his authorisation to leave this banner, telling him that this authorisation was valid for him only and not the people of his muqaddamiyya (fighting group), and that he needed to write another petition. For that, Ḥasan Muḥammad al-Kindī wished that ʿUthmān Diqna would explain to the Khalīfa his situation, so that the latter, once he would know about it, could examine the question. He adds a list of 30 names of fighters who depend on al-Kindī. After having looked into the petition of the muqaddam Ḥasan al-Kindī about Aḥmad Muḥammad Khayr, who did not abide by the Khalīfa’s order, it is necessary that the delegates (umanāʾ) look into it. 08/07/1306
Letter from Ḥasan Muḥammad al-Kindī to ʿUthmān Diqna

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the establishment of his centre in Adārāmāb, the building of a mosque and houses for the families of the anṣār; on the report of the number of anṣār (810) and family members (1363) at this new camp in Adarāmāb. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 227 21/10/1308
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from Majdhūb Abū Bakr to ʿUthmān Diqna

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Majdhūb Abū Bakr informs that an anṣār named Ḥusayn walad Walī has deserted with 9 other men to Sawākin. The letter describes how he bought horses, promising to pay the next day after having tried them out. Attempts at pursuing him were in vain, since he had said to everyone that he was going to inspect the fields around Tūkar. When Majdhūb Abū Bakr realised this was not the case, it was too late. 13/06/1307
Letter from Majdhūb Abū Bakr to ʿUthmān Diqna

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the insufficiency of ʿUthmān Diqna’s army with the current disorder; on ʿUthmān Diqna being informed of Abū Qarja’s decision to settle a camp in Tūkar. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 37 03/07/1305
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the execution of ʿAbd Allāh Saʿid in al-Matamma. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 451 09/02/1315
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the situation in Sawākin and the surrounding tribes. - 27/09/1314
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the cunningness of the governor (ḥākim) of Sawākin; the characteristics of the traders going to Berber with his seal; and on the inquiry of the Khalīfa into this matter. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 85/1 24/12/1305
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Report on the people who came to the camp of Atbara from the district of the Nile River, downstream from Atbara on west bank and from Abū Dulayq. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 479
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the Khalīfa forbidding the combatants from al-Khandaq Shāʾib Aḥmad’s banner to ask to be transfered to the banner of al-Khandaqāwī. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 179 27/01/1307
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On ʿUthmān Diqna reading a letter and a proclamation of the Khalīfa to the anṣār and their positive reception. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 404 22/04/1313
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: ʿUthman Diqna’s transfers the report of Faḍl Allāh Karār to the Khalīfa. - Not present in Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna 03/04/1306
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from the Khalīfa to the delegates (umanāʾ)

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: To tell them that Shāʾib Aḥmad, Aḥmad, Muḥammad Fāna, Dafʿ Allāh Khandaqāwī, Khāṭir Ḥamīdān, Muḥammad Aḥmad Shaykh Idrīs have sent him letters asking to come meet him in Omdurman. Since the umanāʾ is still in this region, they are asked to examine the merits of the request of those leaders and decide accordingly. 16/10/1306
Letter from the Khalīfa to the delegates (umanāʾ)

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the raid led by Khāṭir Ḥamīdān against the Hadanduwa at Tabīlūl. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 80 16/12/1305
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Details about the army requested from Kasalā, as well as the grain, and the modalities of their transport. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 130 05/04/1306
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the Khalīfa’s order to ʿUthmān Diqna to gather all the banners in the open. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 407 15/08/1313
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from the delegates (umanāʾ) to Muḥammad Yūsuf, the deputy of the treasury

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: See NRO-M001154 The delegates (umanāʾ) ask the deputy of the treasury that he considers Awshay ʿAlī Muḥammadayn’s request. 24/03/1307
Letter from the delegates (umanāʾ) to Muḥammad Yūsuf, the deputy of the treasury

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Regarding a female slave and her mother in Gadarif which were given to ʿUthmān Diqna by al-Zākī Tamal. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 197 22/09/1307
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On dealing with the improvement of the anṣār and caution toward the enemies. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 120 01/04/1306
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Index in Arabic ʿUthmān Diqna’s letter-book

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: In February 1891, Colonel Holled-Smith, the head of the Egyptian and British garrison of Sawākin, led an expedition against the Mahdist administrative centre of Afafīt (Tūkar) in Eastern Sudan. As a result, he seized an important volume of documents, among which a letter-book, with the correspondence of the Mahdī and the Khalīfa to ʿUthmān Diqna. This document appears to be a copy of the original index of the letter-book by the Department of Military Intelligence. c. 04/1891
Index in Arabic ʿUthmān Diqna’s letter-book

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the sending of the heads (ruʾasāʾ) of the tribes which are obedient. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 40 15/08/1305
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Copy of a letter from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim Copy of letter from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim Copy of a letter sent from from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim.

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Copies of three letters. The first deals with the buying of slaves by traders “from the East” (probably the Ḥijāz). They were forbidden to come to Tūkar to do so, which is in line with the policy of the Mahdiyya to restrict the export of slaves. The second letter give details on the administrative procedure to transmit reports to the Mahdist provincial centre in Tūkar. The last letter is confirmation that the regulations on the transmission of bi-weekly reports was understood. 10/03/1307 11/03/1307 11/03/1307
Copy of a letter from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim Copy of letter from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim Copy of a letter sent from from al-Ṭāhir al-Majdhūb and al-Shafīʿ Aḥmad to Aḥmad Muḥammad Yas al-Nīla, Qamar al-Dīn ʿUmar and al-Amīn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim.

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the sale of ivory commissioned to ʿUmar Kasha and the buying of military equipment with the profit from this sale. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 196 15/08/1307
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from the Khalīfa to the delegates (umanāʾ)

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: Long letter from the Khalīfa to the delegates (umanāʾ) which reminds them of the reason they were sent to Tūkar (Eastern Sudan), i.e. to find a solution to the conflict between ʿUthmān Diqna and Abū Qarja. The latter had resented being under the orders of the former for more than a year and the final defeat of the Mahdists in front of Sawākin in December 1889 brought the issue to the forefront. As a result, the Khalīfa sent four delegates (the umanāʾ) to try to find a new arrangement between the two leaders. 12/08/1306
Letter from the Khalīfa to the delegates (umanāʾ)

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the difficulties to gather information regarding Kasalā as ʿUthmān Diqna cannot find someone whom he trusts who can sagely enter the town; some of the leaders of Sawākin spending some of the autumn in Sinkāt (Awkāk) to escape the heat in Sawākin; the riparian lands have received water and can be cultivated, but no rain has yet fallen on the fields in the open country. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 401 29/02/1313
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Manuscript draft in English of an index of 132 letters (1884-1890), mainly to and from Tūkar (ʿUthmān Diqna and Majdhūb Abū Bakr)

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: This index was published in Wingate’s “Report on the Dervish Rule in the Eastern Sudan” (May 1891) as Appendix VI (a) entitled “Three Indexes to Miscellaneous Letters Found at Afafit”. This report can be found in Durham (SAD 253/1) and in the NRO (CairInt 3/03/46). The original index in Arabic can be found in NRO Mahdiyya 1/30/06 (see NRO-M001126) c. 02-05/1891
Manuscript draft in English of an index of 132 letters (1884-1890), mainly to and from Tūkar (ʿUthmān Diqna and Majdhūb Abū Bakr)

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the heads (ruʾūs) of tribes who are with Ḥāmid ʿAlī at Kasalā and [Akdandawāb] and Ḥāmid ʿAlī’s responsibility for those under him. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 95 08/01/1305
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the Khalīfa’s exhortation of the army for jihād; the Khalīfa instructs ʿUthmān Diqna to deliver his letters to ʿAbbās Muḥammad Badr and ʿAbd Allāh Abū Sinn after having read them. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 472 08/10/1315
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the Khalīfa asking ʿUthmān Diqna that he keeps him continuously informed; on authorising individuals to launch raids with ʿUthmān Diqna’s authorisation. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 344 29/06/1311
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa

Collection: nationalrecordsoffice.mahdia
Description: On the nomadic tribes and the necessity to move them away from the Turks; on an attack against the position of Awshad; the coming of locusts; news on the detachment headed toward Tūkar and news on the advance of the Turks to fight them. - This text has been edited in Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Abū Salīm, Muḥarrarāt ʿUthmān Diqna, Khartoum, Markaz Abū Salīm li-l-dirāsāt, 2004. See letter 292 22/04/1310
Letter from ʿUthmān Diqna to the Khalīfa
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